A major teacher in Rayy was Abu Abdillah Muhammad ibn Humayd al-Razi, who had earlier taught in Baghdad, but was now in his seventies While in Ray, he also studied Muslim jurisprudence according to the Hanafi school. He first went to Ray (Rhages), where he remained for some five years. He returned at least twice, the second time in 290 AH (903 AD), when his outspokenness caused some uneasiness and led to his quick departure. He left home to study in 236 AH (850/1 AD), when he was twelve. He memorized the Qur'an at seven, was a qualified prayer leader at eight, and began to study the prophetic traditions at nine. He has been described as Iranian and of either Persian or Arab origin. Tabari was born in Amol, Tabaristan (some 20 km south of the Caspian Sea) in the winter of 838–9. It was usually designated by the name Jariri. Īl-Tabari's school of thought ( madhhab) flourished among Sunni ulama for two centuries after his death, before it eventually became extinct. His understanding of fiqh was both sophisticated and remarkably fluid and, as such, he continued to develop his ideas and thoughts on juristic matters right to the end of his life.
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His most influential and best known works are his Qur'anic commentary, known in Arabic as Tafsir al-Tabari, and his historical chronicle History of the Prophets and Kings ( Tarikh al-Rusul wa al-Muluk), often referred to Tarikh al-Tabari.Īl-Tabari followed the Shafi'i madhhab for nearly a decade before he developed his own interpretation of Islamic jurisprudence. He wrote on such subjects as world history, poetry, lexicography, grammar, ethics, mathematics, and medicine." Today, he is best known for his expertise in Qur'anic exegesis ( tafsir) and Historiography, but he has been described as "an impressively prolific polymath. Muhammad ibn Jarīr al-Tabari ( / ˈ t ɑː b ər i/ Persian: محمد بن جریر طبری, Arabic: أبو جعفر محمد بن جرير بن يزيد الطبري) (839–923 CE 224–310 AH) was an influential scholar, historian and commentator on the Qur'an from Amol, Tabaristan (modern Mazandaran Province of Iran).